What kind of promotion does advertising specifically exclude?

Advertising is recognized as a form of promotion that is both paid and nonpersonal. This means that it involves a company paying to deliver a message to a mass audience, typically through channels such as television, radio, print, or online platforms, without any direct interaction or personal engagement with the audience.

The distinction lies in the nature of advertising compared to other promotional strategies. Personal promotion, for instance, involves direct interaction with potential customers, like personal selling, where sales representatives interact with customers one-on-one. Nonpersonal promotion, on the other hand, is broader and includes several types of marketing communications that reach a mass audience without a direct interaction component.

By identifying advertising as specifically excluding paid and personal promotion, it underscores that advertising does not offer the personalized touch or interaction that is characteristic of personal promotion, while still being a recognized, structured form of communication.